卷子（四）Paper Four

寒冷的地方
The Cold Places

        北极是一个极地地区。它围绕着北极
        The Arctic is a polar region. It surrounds(环绕) the North Pole.

        和南极洲一样，北极是一片冰雪覆盖的土地。
        Like Antarctica(南极洲),the Arctic is a land of ice and snow.

南极洲保持着零下125华氏度的低温记录
Antarctica holds the record for a low temperature reading-125 degrees Fahrenheit(华氏温标) below zero.

在北极和南极洲，零下85度是很常见的。
Readings of 85 degrees below zero are common in both the Arctic and Antarctica.

北极冬季的平均气温为零下30度。
Winter temperatures average 30 degrees below zero in the Arctic.

在南极，冬天的平均气温大约是零下73度。
At the South Pole the winter average is about 73 degrees below zero.


        有一件事使人类几乎不可能居住在南极洲和北极的部分地区。
        One thing alone makes it almost impossible for men to live in Antarctica and in parts of the Arctic.

其中一件事就是低温——遥远的北极和南极的致命寒冷。
This one thing is the low temperature--the killing chill of the far North and the polar South.


为了生存，男人必须穿尽可能暖和的衣服。
To survive, men must wear the warmest possible clothing.

他们必须建造防风的庇护所。
They must build windproof shelters.

他们必须一直保持暖气畅通。
They must keep heaters going at all times.

面对零度以下的低温，他们甚至一刻也不能没有保护措施。
Not even for a moment can they be unprotected against the below-zero temperatures.


        男人总有办法养活自己。
        Men have a way of providing for themselves.

极地探险者把自己裹在暖和的大衣和毛皮里。
Polar explorers wrap themselves in warm coats and furs.

寒冷使生活变得困难。但是探险者可以活下来。
The cold makes life difficult. But the explorers can stay alive.


        动物呢?他们能生存吗?我们找到植物了吗?
        What about animals? Can they survive? Do we find plants?

我们在北极和南极洲发现生命了吗?
Do we find life in the Arctic and in Antarctica?

是的,我们发现了。海洋里有生命。陆地上有生命。
Yes,we do. There is life in the oceans. There is life on land.


        南极洲，正如我们所看到的，确实是一个寒冷的地方。
        Antarctica, as we have seen,is a cold place indeed.

但情况并非总是如此。
But this has not always been the case.

考察队的科学家们发现，南极洲并不总是一个冰冻的大陆
Expedition(探险考察) scientists have discovered that Antarctica has not always been a frozen continent.

曾经在某个时期，南极洲可能和我们现在生活的大陆有着相似的气候。
At one time the weather in Antarctica may have been much like our own.

探险者在南极洲发现了煤。
Explorers have discovered coal in Antarctica.

这使他们相信南极洲曾经是一片沼泽和森林
This leads them to believe that Antarctica at one time was a land of swamps(沼泽) and forests.

一定是炎热和潮湿使森林里的树木得以存活。
Heat and moisture must have kept the trees in the forests alive.

人类所知的最低温度记录在南极洲。
1. The lowest temperature that man has ever known was recorded in Antarctica.
A. True
B. False
C. Not Given

南极洲冬天的平均气温是零下85度。
2. Winter temperatures average 85 degrees below zero in Antarctica.
A. True
B. False
C. Not Given

北极和南极洲是无人之地，因为那里寒冷刺骨。
3. The Arctic and Antarctica are no man’s lands because of their killing coldness.
A. True
B. False
C. Not Given

极地探险者可以通过穿上暖和的外套和皮衣来生存。
4. Polar explorers can stay alive by wearing warm coats and furs.
A. True
B. False
C. Not Given

尽管环境恶劣，但在海洋和极地地区的陆地上都能找到动物和植物。
5. Despite the hostile environment, both animals and plants can be found in the oceans and on land in polar areas.
A. True
B. False
C. Not Given

据探险科学家发现，南极洲并非一直像今天这样寒冷，北极也是如此。
6. As discovered by expedition scientists, Antarctica has not always been so cold as it is today, so has the Arctic.
A. True
B. False
C. Not Given

南极洲平均比北极冷。
7. Antarctica is colder than Arctic on average.
A. True
B. False
C. Not Given

为了让人们在极地地区生存，夜间应该继续使用加热器。
8. Heaters should be kept going in the night for men to survive in polar areas.
A. True
B. False
C. Not Given

南极洲煤很丰富。
9. Coal is rich in Antarctica.
A. True
B. False
C. Not Given

曾经有一段时间，南极洲的天气非常温暖潮湿，以至于树木都生长在那里。
10. At one time, the weather in Antarctica was so warm and damp that trees grew there.
A. True
B. False
C. Not Given

戏剧的开端
The Beginning of Drama

        关于古希腊戏剧的起源有很多理论。
        There are many theories about the beginning of drama in ancient Greece.

今天最广为接受的一个假设是戏剧是从仪式演变而来的
The one most widely accepted today is based on the assumption that drama evolved from ritual.

这种观点的论据如下。
The argument for this view goes as follows.

起初，人类把世界上的自然力量——甚至季节的变化——看作是不可预测的，
In the beginning,human beings viewed the natural forces of the world-even the seasonal changes--as unpredictable,

他们试图通过各种方式来控制这些未知的、令人恐惧的力量。
and they sought through various means to control these unknown and feared powers.

那些似乎带来了满意结果的手段就被保留下来并且重复直到这些手段固化为不变的仪式。
Those measures which appeared to bring the desired results were then retained and repeated until they hardened into fixed rituals.

最终出现了能够解释或掩盖这些仪式神秘性的故事。
Eventually stories arose which explained or veiled the mysteries of the rites.

随着时间的推移，一些仪式被废弃了。
As time passed some rituals were abandoned.

但是这些后来被称为神话的故事流传下来并为艺术和戏剧提供了素材。
but the stories,later called myths, persisted and provided material for art and drama.


        那些认为戏剧是从仪式演变而来的人们还认为那些仪式包含了戏剧的种子
        Those who believe that drama evolved out of ritual also argue that those rites contained the seed of theater

因为音乐、舞蹈、面具和服装几乎总是被使用。
because music, dance, masks, and costumes were almost always used.

此外，还必须为演出提供合适的场地
Furthermore, a suitable site had to be provided for performances

当不是整个团体共同参与表演时，经常在"演出区"和"观众席"之间划分出明显的分界。
and when the entire community did not participate a clear division was usually made between the “acting area" and the “auditorium".

此外，还有表演者，
In addition, there were performers,

而且，在仪式的执行中避免出现错误被认为有相当大的重要性，
and, since considerable importance was attached to avoiding mistakes in the enactment of rites,

宗教领袖通常承担这一任务。
religious leaders usually assumed that task.

他们经常带着面具，穿着服装扮演其他人物、动物或神仙，
Wearing masks and costumes, they often impersonated other people, animals, or supernatural beings,

并且像演员一样，用哑剧的形式表现出期望的效果——狩猎或战斗的成功，即将到来的雨，太阳的复活。
and mimed the desired effect--success in hunt or battle, the coming rain, the revival of the sun-as an actor might.

最终，这种戏剧性的表演从宗教活动中分离出来。
Eventually such dramatic representations were separated from religious activities.


        另一种理论认为戏剧起源于人们对讲故事的兴趣。
        Another theory traces the theater's origin from the human interest in storytelling.

根据这个观点，故事(关于狩猎、战争或其他伟绩)逐渐丰富起来，
According to this view tales (about the hunt, war, or other feats) are gradually elaborated,

首先通过一个叙述者的模仿、动作和对话
at first through the use of impersonation,action, and dialogue by a narrator

然后通过不同的人扮演不同的角色。
and then through the assumption of each of the roles by a different person.

一个与之密切相关的理论将戏剧追溯到那些舞蹈
A closely related theory traces theater to those dances

它们主要是有节奏感的和体操式的，或者是对动物动作和声音的模仿。
that are primarily rhythmical and gymnastic or that are imitations of animal movements and sounds.

这篇文章主要讨论了什么?
11. What does the passage mainly discuss?
A. The origins of theater. 戏剧的起源
B. The role of ritual in modern dance. 仪式在现代舞蹈中的作用。
C. The importance of storytelling. 讲故事的重要性。
D. The variety of early religious activities. 早期宗教活动的多样性。

作者在第一段中讨论了戏剧的哪个方面?
12. What aspect of drama does the author discuss in the first paragraph?
A. The reason drama is often unpredictable. 戏剧通常是不可预测的。
B. The seasons in which dramas were performed. 戏剧表演的季节。
C. The connection between myths and dramatic plots. 神话与戏剧情节之间的联系
D. The importance of costumes in early drama. 服装在早期戏剧中的重要性。

以下哪项没有被提到是戏剧和仪式的共同元素?
13. Which of the following is NOT mentioned as a common element of theater and ritual?
A. Dance. 舞蹈
B. Costumes. 服装
C. Music. 音乐
D. Magic. 魔法

根据文章，仪式和戏剧之间的主要区别是什么?
14. According to the passage, what is the main difference between ritual and drama?
A. Ritual uses music whereas drama does not. 仪式使用音乐，而戏剧不使用。
B. Ritual is shorter than drama. 仪式比戏剧短。
C. Ritual requires fewer performers than drama 仪式需要的表演者比戏剧少
D. Ritual has a religious purpose and drama does not. 仪式有宗教目的，而戏剧没有。

这篇文章支持下列哪个陈述?
15. The passage supports which of the following statements?
A. No one really knows how the theater began. 没有人真正知道戏剧是如何开始的。
B. Myths are no longer represented dramatically. 神话不再戏剧化地呈现。
C. Storytelling is an important part of dance. 讲故事是舞蹈的重要组成部分。
D. Dramatic activities require the use of costumes. 戏剧活动需要使用服装。

烟灰和雪:一个热的组合
Soot(烟灰) and Snow:a Hot Combination

美国宇航局（NASA）科学家的新研究表明，黑色烟尘的排放会改变雪反射阳光的方式。
1. New research from NASA scientists suggests emissions(释放) of black soot alter the way sunlight reflects off snow.

根据计算机模拟
According to a computer simulation(模拟),

在过去的一个世纪里，有25%的全球变暖是由黑烟灰造成的。
black soot may be responsible for 25 percent of observed global warming over the past century.


地球高纬度地区的煤烟，冰是很常见的
2. Soot in the higher latitudes of the Earth, where ice is more common,

它比白色的冰雪吸收更多的太阳能量和热量。
absorbs more of the sun's energy and warmth than an icy, white background.

深色的黑碳，或煤烟，吸收阳光，
Dark-colored black carbon, or soot, absorbs sunlight,

而浅色的冰反射阳光。
while lighter colored ice reflects sunlight.


在有冰雪的地区，煤烟可能在气候变化中扮演重要角色。
3. Soot in areas with snow and ice may play an important role in climate change.

此外，如果冰雪覆盖的地区开始融化，
Also,if snow and ice covered areas begin melting,

随着烟尘越来越多地集中在雪的表面，变暖效应也在增加。
the warming effect increases, as the soot becomes more concentrated on the snow surface.

“这提供了一个积极的反馈，当冰川和冰盖融化时，它们往往会变得更脏，
“This provides a positive feedback, as glaciers and ice sheet smelt, they tend to get even dirtier,

纽约NASA戈达德太空研究所(Goddard Institute for Space Studies)研究员詹姆斯·汉森(James Hansen)博士说。
"said Dr. James Hansen, a researcher at NASA's Goddard Institute for Space Studies, New York.


汉森发现了煤烟对雪反照率(太阳能反射回太空)的影响，
4. Hansen found soot's effect on snow albedo(反照率)(solar energy reflected back to space),

这可能导致了北半球早春的趋势，
which may be contributing to trends toward early springs in the Northern Hemisphere,

比如北极海冰变薄，冰川融化和永久冻土融化
such as thinning Arctic sea ice, melting glaciers and permafrost(永冻层).

烟灰也被认为在海洋和陆地上空的大气变化中起着作用。
Soot also is believed to play a role in changes in the atmosphere above the oceans and land.


“黑碳减少了雪反射回太空的能量，
5. “Black carbon reduces the amount of energy reflected by snow back into space,

因此，比没有黑碳的情况下，雪表面的温度更高，”汉森说。
thus heating the snow surface more than if there were no black carbon," Hansen said.

煤烟对太阳能吸收的增加对全球气候变暖特别有效。”
Soot's increased absorption of solar energy is especially effective in warming the world's climate.“

这种强制作用非常有效，
This forcing is unusually effective,

造成的全球变暖程度是同等强度二氧化碳的两倍，”汉森指出。
causing twice as much global warming as a carbon-dioxide(二氧化物) forcing of the same magnitude(量,大小),”Hansen noted.


汉森警告说，尽管煤烟在改变全球气候方面的作用是巨大的，
6. Hansen cautioned,although the role of soot in altering global climate is substantial,

这并不能改变温室气体是上个世纪气候变暖的主要原因这一事实。
it does not alter the fact that greenhouse gases are the primary cause of climate warming during the past century.

这些气体预计将成为本世纪剩余时间最大的气候作用力。
Such gases are expected to be the largest climate forcing for the rest of this century.


研究人员发现，北半球观测到的变暖在中高纬度地区的冬季和春季尤为明显。
7. The researchers found that observed warming in the Northern Hemisphere was large in the winter and spring at middle and high latitudes.

这些观察结果与研究人员的气候模型模拟一致，
These observations were consistent with the researchers'climate model simulations,

这表明，当有厚厚的积雪和充足的阳光时，一些最大的暖化效应就会发生。
which showed some of the largest warming effects occurred when there were heavy snow cover and sufficient sunlight.

任务 1
Task 1

段落
16. Paragraph __1__ Black Soot Contributing to Global Warming 黑烟导致全球变暖

17. Paragraph __2__ Explanation of Increased Warming Effect Caused by Soot 煤烟引起的增温效应的解释

18. Paragraph __3__ Soot's Role in Climate Changes Above Oceans and Land 煤烟在海洋和陆地上气候变化中的作用

19. Paragraph __4__ Greenhouse Gases as the Main Factor of Global Warming 温室气体是全球变暖的主要因素

20. Paragraph __5__ Observations of Warming in the Northern Hemisphere 北半球变暖的观察

A. Soot's Role in Climate Changes Above Oceans and Land 煤烟在海洋和陆地上气候变化中的作用
B. Observations of Warming in the Northern Hemisphere 北半球变暖的观察
C. Explanation of Increased Warming Effect Caused by Soot 煤烟引起的增温效应的解释
D. Black Soot in Snow and Icy Areas Leading to Climate Change 冰雪地区的黑烟导致气候变化
E. Black Soot Contributing to Global Warming 黑烟导致全球变暖
F. Greenhouse Gases as the Main Factor of Global Warming 温室气体是全球变暖的主要因素

任务 2
Task 2

在二十世纪，煤烟造成了25%的全球变暖
21. In the twentieth century, soot _____. contributed to 25 percent of observed global warming

如果冰雪覆盖的地区开始融化，变暖效应增加
22. If snow and ice covered areas begin melting _____.the warming effects increase

煤烟的强制作用是非常有效的，它比同等强度的二氧化碳强制作用产生更多的全球变暖
23. A soot forcing is unusually effective, which ____. produces much more global warming than a carbon-dioxide forcing of the same magnitude

汉森警告说，在上个世纪，温室气体对全球气候变暖的影响仍超过煤烟
24. Hansen cautioned that greenhouse gases _____. still surpass soot in warming the world's climate during the last century

北半球的暖化在中高纬度地区的冬季和春季表现得非常明显。
25. Warming in the Northern Hemisphere was large in __winter and spring__ at middle and high latitudes.


A. produces much more global warming than a carbon-dioxide forcing of the same magnitude 产生的全球变暖比同等强度的二氧化碳造成的更严重
B. contributed to 25 percent of observed global warming 造成了25%的全球变暖
C. winter and spring 冬季和春季
D. the warming effects increase 变暖效应增加
E. still surpass soot in warming the world's climate during the last century 上个世纪全球气候变暖的程度仍超过煤烟
F. can be seen mostly in the Northern Hemisphere 主要分布在北半球

消失的蜜蜂
The Disappearing Honeybee

        当你听到蜜蜂嗡嗡叫时，你会逃跑吗?许多人做的事情。
        Do you run away when you hear a bee buzzing? Many people do.

蜜蜂蜇人很疼，有些人对蜂毒过敏
A bee sting hurts and some people are allergic to bee venom (蜂毒).

但是你知道蜜蜂对人类非常重要吗？
But did you know that bees are very important to humans?

蜜蜂做的不仅仅是酿蜜。
Honeybees do more than just make honey.

它们飞来飞去，为花草树木授粉
They fly around and pollinate(传授花粉) flowers, plants,and trees.

我们的水果、坚果和蔬菜都依赖这些传粉者
__26 Our fruits, nuts,and vegetables rely on these pollinators__.

美国三分之一的食物是由蜜蜂授粉的。
One third of America's food supply is pollinated by the honeybee.


        你最近见过或听到过蜜蜂吗?
        Have you seen or heard a honeybee lately?

在世界上许多地方，蜜蜂正在神秘地消失。
Bees are mysteriously disappearing in many parts of the world.

大多数人都不知道这个问题。
Most people don't know about this problem.

这被称为蜂群崩溃失调症(CCD)。
It is called Colony Collapse Disorder(CCD).

一些北美养蜂人在2006-2008年间失去了80%的蜂箱
Some North American beekeepers lost 80% of their hives(蜂巢) from 2006-2008.

意大利和澳大利亚的蜜蜂也在消失
__27 Bees in Italy and Australia are disappearing too__


        蜜蜂的消失是个严重的问题
        The disappearance of the honeybee is a serious problem.

你能想象再也不能吃蓝莓了吗?
Can you imagine never eating another blueberry?

杏仁和樱桃怎么样?没有了蜜蜂，食品价格将飙升
What about almonds and cherries? Without honeybees food prices will skyrocket(猛涨).

最穷的人在缺乏食物时总是受害最深
__28 The poorest people always suffer the worst when there is a lack of food__


        这个问题影响了除新鲜农产品以外的其他食品。
        This problem affects other foods besides fresh produce.

想象一下失去了你最喜欢的冰淇淋!
Imagine losing your favorite ice cream!

哈根达斯是一家著名的冰淇淋公司。
Haagen Daaz is a famous ice cream company.

它们的许多味道依赖于辛勤工作的蜜蜂。
Many of their flavors rely on the hard working honey bee.

2008年，哈根达斯开始为CCD（Colony Collapse Disorder.蜂群崩溃综合症）筹集资金
__29 In 2008 Haagen Daaz began raising money for CCD__.

他们还创建了一个名为“帮助蜜蜂.com”的网站
They also created a website called helpthehoneybee.com.


        为研究捐款是人类拯救蜜蜂所能做的最重要的事情
        Donating money to research is the most important thing humans can do to save the honeybees.

科学家需要资金来调查蜂群崩溃紊乱的原因。
Scientists need money to investigate the causes of Colony Collapse Disorder.

一些科学家将CCD归咎于气候变化。
Some scientists blame CCD on climate change.

其他人则认为是杀虫剂杀死了蜜蜂
Others think pesticides(杀虫剂) are killing the bees.

商人把蜂箱迁移也可能导致CCD
__30 Commercial bee migration may also cause CCD.__

养蜂人将蜂箱从一个地方运到另一个地方，以便为植物授粉
Beekeepers transport their hives from place to place in order to pollinate plants year round


        不是每个人都有钱定期捐赠
        Not evervone has money to donate regularly.

还有其他方法来帮助蜜蜂。
There are other ways to help the honeybee.

通过告诉你的朋友和家人这个问题来传播这个消息。
Spread the word, by telling your friends and family about the problem.

也告诉你的老师那些正在消失的蜜蜂
Tell your teacher about the disappearing bees too.

也许你们班可以写一封信给政府。
Maybe your class can write a letter to the government.


A. In 2008 Haagen Daaz began raising money for CCD. 2008年，哈根·达兹开始为CCD筹集资金。
B. It is hard to pin down what has been causing honeybees to vanish. 很难确定是什么原因导致蜜蜂消失。
C. The poorest people always suffer the worst when there is a lack of food. 最穷的人在缺乏食物时总是受害最深。
D. Our fruits, nuts,and vegetables rely on these pollinators. 我们的水果、坚果和蔬菜都依赖这些传粉者。
E. Commercial bee migration may also cause CCD. 商业蜜蜂迁徙也可能导致CCD。
F. Bees in Italy and Australia are disappearing too. 意大利和澳大利亚的蜜蜂也在消失。

英语与英语群体
English and English Community

        不可否认，英语是一门有用的语言。
        There is no denying that English is a useful language.

今天讲英语的人构成了世界上最大的语言社区除了说汉语。
The people who speak English today make up the __31 largest__ speech community in the world with the exception of speakers of Chinese.

他们最初是定居在英格兰北欧的小部落
Originally they were small tribes of people from northern Europe who __32 settled__ in England.

他们的语言变得越来越相似
Their languages became more and more __33 similar__ to each other.

最后，这种语言有足够的一致性，可以被所有说英语的人使用。
Finally, the language had enough uniformity to be used by all speakers in England.

人们通过他们共同的语言联合成一个语言社区。
The people were united into a speech community through their shared language.


        言语群体与其他类型的群体类似
        Speech community is similar to other kinds of __34 communities__.

组成这个群体的人有共同的语言
The people who make up the community share common language.

他们经常住在一起，就像他们在一个社区，一个村庄，或一个城市
Often they live side by side,as they do in a neighborhood, a village,or a city.

更多的时候，他们组成了一个国家。
More often they form a whole country.

然而，国家的边界并不总是和语言群体的边界一样。
National boundaries, however, are not always the same as the boundaries of a speech community.

语言群体是说同一种语言的任何一群人，不管他们碰巧住在哪里。
A speech community is any group of people who __35 speak__ the same language no matter where they happen to live.


        我们可以说，说英语的人都属于英语语言群体
        We may say that anyone who speaks English __36 belongs__ to the English speech community.

为了方便起见，我们可以把说话的人分成两类:
For convenience, we may classify the speakers into two groups:

其一是以英语为母语的人，
one in which the speakers use English as their native language,

在另一种情况下，讲英语的人把英语作为第二语言来学习，目的是为了教育、商业等
the other in which the speakers learn English as a second language for the __37 purpose__ of education, commerce, and so on.


        对于世界上大多数国家来说，英语作为一种国际第二语言，在公共活动的几个领域中作为一种替代语言。
        English serves as an alternative language in several areas of public activity for most nations in the world which employ it as an __38 international__ second language.

英语已被用作空中交通、商业和国际外交的语言。
English has been adopted as the language of air traffic, commerce, as well as international diplomacy.

此外，英语是世界上大多数出版材料的语言，
Moreover, English is the __39 language__ of the majority of published materials in the world

因此教育在很大程度上依赖于对英语的理解
so that education has come to rely __40 heavily__ on an understanding of English

A. international 国际的
B. native 本国的
C. speak 说话
D. belongs 属于（belong的第三人称单数）
E. purpose 目的
F. language 语言
G. communities 群体
H. settled 定居（settle的过去分词）
I. similar 相似的
J. same 相同的
K. heavily 在很大程度上
L. largest 最大的

网上约会
Online Dating

        网上约会是一种约会系统，允许人们通过互联网联系和交流，
        Online dating is a dating system which allows people to make contact and communicate with each other over the Internet,

通常是为了发展一段浪漫的关系
usually with the object of developing a __41 romantic__(romance) relationship.

网上约会服务通常通过个人电脑或手机提供网络相亲服务。
Online dating services usually provide matchmaking over the Internet through the use of personal computers or cell phones.


        在线约会网站通常要求申请者提供个人信息，
        Online dating sites generally requires __42 applicants__(apply) to provide personal information before

然后才能根据他们设定的标准在数据库中搜索其他个人，
they can search the database for other individuals using criteria they set,

如年龄，性别，种族，宗教和地点
such as age, gender, race, religion and __43 location__(locate).

大多数网站允许会员上传自己的照片，并浏览他人的照片。
Most sites allow members to upload photos of themselves and browse those of others.

网站可能提供其他服务，如在线聊天、电话聊天和留言板
Sites may offer __44 additional__(addition) services, such as online chatting,telephone chatting, and message boards.


        有些网站提供免费注册
        Some sites provide free __45 registration__(register),

但可能会提供需要每月支付的服务
but may offer services which require a __46 monthly__(month) pay.

例如，他们可以提供对个人资料的全面访问，
For example, they may offer full access to profiles,

但提供额外的服务要付费
but provide additional services to pay,

比如将用户的个人资料放在列表的顶部，
such as __47 placing__(place) users' profiles at the top of the list,

让他们的个人资料在搜索结果的不同地方出现多次，
making their profiles appear several times in different places in the search result

并给他们一个更高级的搜索引擎去操作
and giving them a more __48 advanced__(advance) search engine to work with.

在一个真实的例子中，免费用户只能搜索特定年龄、性别和城市的人
In one real example, free users may only search for persons of __49 specific__(specify) age, gender and city,

而订阅者也可以搜索诸如身高、体重和兴趣等信息。
while subscribers may also search for such information as height, weight and interests.

其他的约会网站依靠广告收入。
Other dating sites depend on advertising for their income.

近年来，这类网站越来越受欢迎
In recent years such sites have become __50 increasingly__(increase) popular.


亲爱的约翰
Dear John,

听说你通过了入学考试，被耶鲁大学录取了，我非常高兴。
I’m very glad to hear that you have passed the entrance examination and been accepted by Yale University.

我为你感到骄傲，我相信你应该得到这份荣誉，因为你一直都很努力。
I feel very proud of you and I believe you really deserve the honor since you have been working so hard.

正如你在信中所提到的，
As you have mentioned in the letter,

大学生活和高中生活有一些相似之处和不同之处。
there are both some similarities and differences between the college life and the life in high school.

一方面，你必须继续努力学习，因为有很多科目要学。
On the one hand, you have to go on working hard as there are a lot of subjects for you to learn.

另一方面，在高中，老师可能会详细地告诉你要学习什么和如何学习，
On the other hand, in high school teachers will probably tell you what to learn and how to learn in details

还会监控你的学习表现，
and will also monitor your learning performance,

在大学里，老师的工作就像导游，
while in college, teachers work like tour guides

你必须自己找到获取知识、解决问题的方法。
and you have to find out your own way to acquire knowledge and solve problems.

如果你希望适应新环境，
If you hope to adapt yourself to the new environment,

无论你在大学生活中会遇到什么困难，你最好要积极。
you' d better be positive no matter what difficulties you will experience in your college life.

愿你有一个好的大学生活!
May you a good college life!

你的挚爱
Yours truly,

杰瑞
Jerry