爱尔兰是2005年世界上最适合居住的地方,
Ireland is the best place in the world to live for 2005,
英国《经济学人》杂志上周发布了一项生活质量排名。
according to a life quality ranking(排名) that appeared in Britain's Economist magazine last week.
这项比较世界各地幸福水平的雄心勃勃的尝试就是基于这一原则
The ambitious attempt to compare happiness levels around the world is based on the principle
财富并不是衡量人类满足和幸福的唯一标准
that wealth is not the only measure of human satisfaction and well-being.
111个国家的杂志表示:收入、医疗、失业、气候、政治稳定性、工作保障、性别平等才是“自由的家庭社区生活”
The index of 111 countries uses data on incomes, health, unemployment, climate, political stability, job security, gender(性别) equality as well as what the magazine calls “ freedom, family and community life”
尽管天气恶劣,医疗服务困难,交通堵塞,性别不平等,和高昂的生活成本,爱尔兰得分高达8.33分(满分10分)。
Despite the bad weather,troubled health service, traffic congestion(拥挤),gender inequality, and the high cost of living, Ireland scored an impressive 8.33 points out of 10.
这大大超过了排名第二的瑞士,瑞士的成绩是8.07。
That put it well ahead of second-place Switzerland, which managed 8.07.
饱受政治动荡和饥饿困扰的津巴布韦被评为最悲观的国家,仅上升了3.89分。
Zimbabwe troubled by political insecurity and hunger, is rated the gloomiest(最差的),picking up only 3.89 points.
“尽管收入的增加和个人选择的增加是非常重要的,”
“Although rising incomes and increased individual choices are highly valued,"
报告称,“与现代化相关的一些因素,
the report said, “some of the factors associated with modernization
如传统制度和家庭价值观的崩溃,
such as the breakdown in traditional institutions and family values
在一定程度上削弱了积极的影响。”
in part take away from a positive impact."
“爱尔兰之所以获胜,是因为它成功地将新时代最令人向往的元素与旧时代某些温暖元素相结合,
“Ireland wins because it successfully combines the most desirable elements of the new with the preservation of certain warm elements of the old,
如稳定的家庭和社区生活。
such as stable family and community life.
该杂志承认,衡量生活质量并不是一件简单的事情
The magazine admitted measuring quality of life is not a straightforward thing to do,
它的发现也会招致批评。
and that its findings would have their critics.
排名第二的是瑞士。排在前十名的国家还包括挪威、卢森堡、瑞典、澳大利亚、冰岛、意大利、丹麦和西班牙。
No. 2 on the list is Switzerland. The other nations in the top 10 are Norway, Luxembourg, Sweden, Australia, Iceland, Italy, Denmark and Spain.
英国排在第29位,排名要低得多,主要原因是社会和家庭破裂也记录在官方统计中。
The UK is positioned at No.29, a much lower position chiefly because of the social and family breakdown recorded in official statistics.
人均GDP仅次于卢森堡的美国,在调查中名列第13位。
The US, which has the second highest per capita GDP after Luxembourg, took the 13th place in the survey.
中国排在联赛后半段,排在第60位。
China was in the lower half of the league at 60th.
2005年以来,爱尔兰一直是最适合人类居住的地方。
1. For 2,005 years, Ireland has been the best place for humans to live in.
A. True B. False
C. Not Given
[要点透析]原文第一句话“Ireland is the best place in the world to live for 2005”说的是2005年这一年度世界上最适合居住的地方是爱尔兰,而题干的意思是近2005年以来爱尔兰都是世界上最适合居住的地方,与原文不符。
教育水平是生活质量的一种衡量。
2. Level of education is a measure of life quality.
A. True
B. False C. Not Given
[要点透析]原文没有提到教育程度(level of education)。
爱尔兰的生活成本相当高。
3. Cost of living in Ireland is pretty high. A. True
B. False
C. Not Given
津巴布韦的家庭生活并不稳定。
4. Family life in Zimbabwe is not stable.
A. True
B. False C. Not Given
[要点透析]原文第五段提到津巴布韦受困于政治不安定和饥饿(troubled by political insecurity and hunger),但未提到家庭生活。
家庭价值观的破裂并不影响幸福水平
5. Breakdown in family values does not affect the happiness level
A. True B. False
C. Not Given
[要点透析]原文第六段“breakdown in traditional institutions and family values in part take away from a positive impact",意思是说传统习俗和家庭价值观的崩溃会部分地削弱积极影响,故家庭价值观的崩溃是可以影响幸福水平的。该句说法不正确。
爱尔兰排在第1位。因为它结合了新事物中最令人向往的元素和旧事物中一些好的元素。
6. Ireland is positioned at No.1, because it combines the most desirable elements of the new with some good elements of the old. A. True
B. False
C. Not Given
衡量生活质量很容易。
9. To measure life quality is easy.
A. True B. False
C. Not Given
[要点透析]原文倒数第三段中提到“measuring quality of life is not a straightforward thing to do”,其中straightforward意思是“直接的、简单的”,这说明测量生活质量并不简单。该句说法不正确。
美国是排名前10的国家之一。
10. The United States of America is among the top 10 countries.
A. True B. False
C. Not Given
[要点透析]根据原文最后一段可知,美国排名第13位,不属于排名前十的国家。
第二部分:阅读选择(第11~15题,每题2分,共10分)
阅读下面短文,请从短文后所给各题的4个选项(A、B、C、D)中选出1个最佳选项。
罕见的化石记录
Rare Fossil Record
胚胎和幼体的保存在化石记录中是罕见的。
The preservation of embryos and juveniles is a rare occurrence in the fossil record.
微小而纤细的骨骼通常在石化前被吃腐肉的动物吃掉了
The tiny delicate skeletons are usually scattered by scavengers(食腐动物) weathering before they can be fossilized.
鱼龙比起陆地的动物有更大的几率被保存下来,因为作为海洋动物
Ichthyosaurs(鱼龙) had a higher chance of being preserved than did terrestrial creatures because,as marine animals,
他们倾向于生活在侵蚀较少的环境中。
they tended to live in environments less subject to erosion.
不过,它们的石化需要一系列因素:
Still, their fossilization required a suite of factors:
软组织的腐烂速度缓慢,很少被其他动物啃食,
a slow rate of decay of soft tissues, little scavenging by other animals,
缺少冲走小骨头的湍急的水流和波浪,并且很快被掩埋。
a lack of swift currents and waves to jumble and carry away small bones, and fairly rapid burial.
当这些因素存在的时候,某些地区就会变成一个充满保存完好的鱼龙化石的宝库。
Given these factors, some areas have become a treasury of well-preserved ichthyosaur fossils.
德国获尔兹梅登的沉积物提供了一个有趣的分析案例。
The deposits at Holzmaden, Germany, present an interesting case for analysis.
人们在黑色的、含沥青的海洋页岩中发现了约1.9亿年前沉积下来的鱼龙化石
The ichthyosaur remains are found in black, bituminous marine shales(页岩) deposited about 190 million years ago Over the years,
在这些岩石中发现了数以千计的海洋爬行动物、鱼类和无脊椎动物的标本。
thousands of specimens of marine reptiles, fish and invertebrates have been recovered from these rocks.
它的保存质量很好,
The quality of preservation is outstanding,
但更令人印象深刻的是保存着胚胎的鱼龙化石的数量。
but what is even more impressive is the number of ichthyosaur fossils containing preserved embryos.
在霍尔茨马登附近一个小地区的六个不同的页岩层中分别发现了育有胚胎的鱼龙。
Ichthyosaurs with embryos have been reported from 6 different levels of the shale in a small area around Holzmaden,
这表明大量鱼龙长期反复聚集在一个特定的地点。
suggesting that a specific site was used by large numbers of ichthyosaurs repeatedly over time.
胚胎已经发育得相当成熟了;
The embryos are quite advanced in their physical development;
例如,它们的四肢已经完全形成了。
their paddles,for example,are already well formed.
其中一个标本甚至被保存在产道中。
One specimen is even preserved in the birth canal.
而且,那块页岩包含着很多在20到30英寸之间的新生幼体的化石。
In addition, the shale contains the remains of many newborns that are between 20 and 30 inches long.
为什么有那么多怀孕的雌兽和幼兽在获尔兹梅登? 在其它地方却很少。
Why are there so many pregnant females and young at Holzmaden when they are so rare elsewhere?
它的保存质量几乎是无与伦比的
The quality of preservation is almost unmatched
由于人们知道这些化石的价值,采石场的工作一直在谨慎进行。
and quarry operations have been carried out carefully with an awareness of the value of the fossils.
但是这些因素并不能解释这个有趣的问题
But these factors do not account for the interesting question
为什么在这里集中了这么多怀孕的鱼龙呢? 在这个快要出生的特殊地点。
of how there came to be such a concentration of pregnant ichthyosaurs in a particular place very close to their time of giving birth.
下面提到的所有因素都是促进石化的因素,除了
11. All of the following are mentioned as factors that encourage fossilization except the _____.
A. speed of burying 埋葬的速度
B. conditions of the water 水的状况
C. rate at which soft tissues decay 软组织腐烂的速度 D. cause of death of the animal 动物的死因
[要点透析]第一段中间部分提到了their fossilization required a suite of factors:软组织的腐烂速度缓慢;很少被其他动物残食;缺少混杂、冲走小骨头的快速水流和波浪;以及相当快地被掩埋。因此只有D选项,也就是动物的死因没有被提及。
关于文章中讨论的化石沉积物,下列哪项是正确的?
12. Which of the following is true of the fossil deposits discussed in the passage?
A. They include examples of newly discovered species. 其中包括新发现的物种。 B. They contain large numbers of well-preserved specimens. 里面有大量保存完好的标本。
C. They are older than fossils found in other places. 它们比在其他地方发现的化石还要古老。
D. They have been analyzed more carefully than other fossils. 它们比其他化石被更仔细地分析过。
第二段中“杰出的”一词的意思最接近于
13. The word “outstanding” in Paragraph 2 is closest in meaning to _____.
A.“extensive” 广泛的;大量的;广阔的
B.“surprising" 令人惊讶的;意外的
C.“vertical” 垂直的,直立的; D.“excellent" 卓越的;极好的;
[要点透析]词义理解题。根据上下文可知,outstanding在这里的意思是excellent
为什么作者提到了在产道中保存的标本?
14. Why does the author mention the specimen preserved in the birth canal? A. To illustrate that the embryo fossils are quite advanced in their development. 为了说明胚胎化石的发育已经很成熟。
B. To explain why the fossils are well preserved. 来解释为什么化石保存完好。
C. To indicate how the ichthyosaurs died. 来表明鱼龙是如何死亡的。
D. To prove that ichthyosaurs are marine animals 为了证明鱼龙是海洋动物
[要点透析]第三段中提到保存在产道中的标本,是为了说明胚胎发育的程度很高。因此选A。
下面哪个选项最能表达第一段和第二段之间的关系?
15. Which of the following best expresses the relationship between the first and second paragraphs?
A. The first paragraph describes a place while the second paragraph describes a field of study. 第一段描述了一个地方,第二段描述了一个研究领域。
B. The first paragraph defines the terms that are used in the second paragraph. 第一段定义了第二段所使用的术语。 C. The second paragraph describes a specific instance of the general topic discussed in the first paragraph. 第二段描述了第一段所讨论的一般主题的一个具体实例。
D. The second paragraph presents information that contrasts with the information given in the first paragraph. 第二段给出的信息与第一段给出的信息形成对比。
1858年,美国人欢迎阿拉斯加加入联邦,成为美国的第49州,
1. In 1858 Americans welcomed Alaska into the Union as the 49th state,
象征着1867年从俄罗斯手中购买半岛时态度的转变。
symbolizing a change of attitude that hold in 1867, when the peninsula was purchased from Russia.
当时,大多数美国人对加拿大西部边界以外、远离美国定居地区的150万平方公里的“冰山和北极熊”不感兴趣。
Then, most Americans had little interest in 1,500,000 square kilometers “of icebergs and polar bear" beyond Canada's western borders, far from the settled areas of the United States.
在北极圈上面的那些地区,
2. In those sections of the state which lie above the Arctic Circle,
阿拉斯加仍然是一片冰山和北极熊的土地。
Alaska still is a land of icebergs and polar bear.
冰埋葬在地底下,并在90米以下的位置永久冻结,
Ice buried in the earth, which is permanently frozen to a depth of 90 or more meters,
从5月初到8月初,在这片平坦、没有树木的地区,午夜的太阳从不落下,
From early May until early August, the midnight sun never sets on this flat, treeless region,
但是太阳不能融化地下三分之二米深的冻土。
but the sun cannot melt the icy soil more than two thirds of a meter down.
阿拉斯加是美国最大的州,但只有大约325,000人居住在那里。
3. Alaska is America's largest state, but only about 325,000 people live there.
据估计,有80万公顷的土地适合耕种
According to estimates,800,000 hectares of its land area are fit for plowing
但目前只有约64万公顷的土地在耕种。
but only about 640,000 hectares are being cultivated.
北极的阿拉斯加是爱斯基摩人数个世纪以来的家园。
4. Arctic Alaska has been the home of Eskimos for countless centuries.
人们认为爱斯基摩人是从蒙古或西伯利亚迁移到那里的,
It is believed that the Eskimos moved there from Mongolia or Siberia,
可能要穿越以维他斯·白令命名的白令海峡,
probably crossing Bering Strait, named for Vitus Bering,
这位丹麦船长在1741年前往俄国的航程中发现了阿拉斯加。
the Danish sea captain who discovered Alaska on his voyage for Russia in 1741.
爱斯基摩人是该州已知的最早的居民。
The Eskimos are the state's earliest known inhabitants.
俄罗斯毛皮贸易商建立了定居点,但是
Russian fur traders established settlements but,
当阿拉斯加被卖给美国时,大多数商人已经离开了。
by the time Alaska was sold to the United States, most of the traders had departed.
1896年,在阿拉斯加边境的加拿大克朗代克河附近发现了黄金。
5. In 1896 gold was discovered near the Klondike River in Canada just across the Alaskan border.
成千上万的美国人在前往克朗代克的途中赶往该地区;
Thousands of Americans rushed to the region on their way to Klondike;
阿拉斯加再也没有完全被切断,尽管即使在今天,交通也是一个主要问题。
Alaska was never completely cut off again,although even today transportation is a major problem.
从美国本土出发只有两条汽车路线,在该州,每个城镇都有自己的机场。
There are only two motor routes from the U.S. mainland, and within the state,every town has its own airfield.
飞机将乘客、邮件和货物空运到最遥远的村庄。
Planes fly passengers, mail and freight to the most distant villages.
突然改变阿拉斯加生活的黄金很快就结束了,
6. The gold that changed life so suddenly for Alaska was soon ended,
尽管许多关于采矿营地的故事已经成为美国文学的一部分,
and although many stories about mining camps have become part of American literature,
阿拉斯加的金矿对经济发展的贡献不如阿拉斯加水域的鱼类。
the gold from Alaskan earth contributed less to economic progress than the fish from Alaska waters.
每年捕捞的鱼的价值从8000万美元到9000万美元不等。
The fish caught in a single year range in value from $80 million to $90 million.
森林和溪流中有大量的毛皮动物,
Fur-bearing animals are plentiful in the forests and streams,
珍贵的海狗栖息在水域中。
and valuable fur seals inhabit the waters.
除了渔业,该州的主要工业是木材和生产木纤维。
After fishing, the state's chief industry is lumber and the production of wood pulp.
近年来,阿拉斯加最重要的单一资源已经变成了石油。
In recent years, Alaska's single most important resource has become oil.
该州还储藏着大量的煤、铜、金和其他矿藏
The state also has large deposits of coal, copper, gold and other minerals
作业 1
Task 1
段落
16. Paragraph __1__ B. Connections With the Outside World 与外部世界的联系
17. Paragraph __2__ E. Position and Cold Climate 位置与寒冷气候
18. Paragraph __3__ F. Land and Population 土地和人口
19. Paragraph __4__ D. The Natives of the Land 这片土地的原住民
20. Paragraph __5__ C. Transportation Problem 运输问题
A. Rich Resources of the State 国家资源丰富
B. Connections With the Outside World 与外部世界的联系
C. Transportation Problem 运输问题
D. The Natives of the Land 这片土地的原住民
E. Position and Cold Climate 位置与寒冷气候
F. Land and Population 土地和人口
作业 2
Task 2
一年中长达三个月的时间里,太阳日夜照耀着阿拉斯加这片冰雪覆盖的土地。
21. For as long as three months of a year, the sun __shines day and night__ on the ice-covered land of Alaska.
根据统计,阿拉斯加只有很小的一部分面积被用于农业
22. According to statistics, __only a very small percentage__ of the total area of Alaska has been used for farming.
阿拉斯加原本是俄罗斯的一部分,但在19世纪被美国买走了
23. Alaska was originally part of Russia,but was bought __by the United States in the 19th century__.
黄金没有像鱼那样给阿拉斯加带来那么多财富
24. Gold did not bring to Alaska as much wealth __as fish does__.
石油已成为阿拉斯加唯一的重要资源
25. __oil__ has become Alaska's single important resource.
A. as fish does 像鱼一样
B. oil 石油
C. by the United States in the 19th century 在19世纪被美国占领
D. shines day and night 日日夜夜闪耀
E. only a very small percentage 只有很小的比例
F. a limited amount of the gold found there 在那里发现了数量有限的黄金
奥运会是一项国际性的体育竞赛,
The Olympic Games are an international sports competition,
每四年在不同的城市举行一次
which are held every four years in a different city.
超过10亿人在电视上观看来自世界各地的成千上万的运动员相互竞争
__26 Thousands of athletes from all over the world compete against each other__ Over 1 billion people watch the games on TV.
第一届奥运会于公元前776年在希腊举行,被称为古代奥运会,一直持续到公元4世纪
The first Olympic Games were held in Greece in 776 B.C. They were called the ancient games and lasted until the 4th century A.D.
现代奥运会始于1896年
__27 The modern games began in 1896.__
法国人皮埃尔·德·顾拜旦复兴了奥运会,为全世界的年轻人带来和平与友谊。
It was when the Frenchman Pierre de Coubertin revived the games to bring peace and friendship to the young people all over the world.
今天,有夏季和冬季运动会。
Today , there are summer and winter games.
直到1994年,两届奥运会都是在同一年举行,但现在它们相隔两年举行
Up to 1994 both games were held in the same year but now they are staged two years apart from each other
夏季奥运会在主办国的夏季举行。
The Summer Games are held during the summer season of the host country.
持续16天。今天,奥运会期间有超过270个项目。
They last for 16 days. Today, there are more than 270 events during the games.
来自190个国家的15000多名运动员参加了比赛。
Over 15,000 athletes from 190 nations take part.
第一届冬奥会于1924年在法国夏蒙尼举行。
The first separate Winter Games were held in Chamonix, France in 1924.
它们通常在二月举行。
They usually take place in February.
今天,冬奥会包括60多个项目。
Today, the Winter Olympics include over 60 events.
来自60多个国家的运动员参加了比赛。
Athletes from more than 60 countries participate.
国际奥委会或国际奥委会是管理奥运会的组织。
The International Olympic Committee or IOC is the organization that governs the games.
它决定在奥运会上举行哪些运动项目
__28 It decides which sports and events are held at the games.__
国际奥委会还会在夏季和冬季奥运会举办前至少7年选定主办城市。
The IOC also selects the host city for the summer and winter games, at least seven years before they take place.
希望举办奥运会的城市必须表明:
Cities that want the games must show that:
他们有足够的体育馆承办所有的赛事
.They have enough stadiums for all events
他们有足够的空间容纳所有的运动员
.__29 They have enough room for all the athletes__
他们可以为运动员提供安全保障
.They can provide safety for the athletes
他们可以把运动员和观众从一个项目运送到另一个项目。
.They can transport athletes and spectators from one event to another.
主办城市必须建设一个奥运村,在奥运会期间所有运动员都住在那里。
.Host cities must build an Olympic village where all athletes live during the games.
在过去的几年里,今天的奥运会已经非常成功了。
The Olympic Games today have become very successful over the past years.
越来越多的人能够在电视上看到它们。
__30 More and more people are able to watch them on TV.__
电视台也在为奥运会的转播权花费更多的钱。
And television stations are spending more money for the rights to broadcast the games.
国际奥委会赚的钱比以往任何时候都多。
The IOC earns more money than ever before.
他们用这些钱帮助贫穷国家的运动员
With this money they help athletes in poorer countries
A. It decides which sports and events are held at the games. 它决定哪些运动项目在奥运会上举行。
B. The modern games began in 1896. 现代奥运会始于1896年。
C. Thousands of athletes from all over the world compete against each other, 来自世界各地的数千名运动员相互竞争,
D. Winter sports abound in Canada,where the winter Olympics will be held in 2014 加拿大的冬季运动非常丰富,2014年冬季奥运会将在加拿大举行
E. More and more people are able to watch them on TV. 越来越多的人能够在电视上看到它们。
F. They have enough room for all the athletes 他们有足够的空间容纳所有的运动员
2006年初,成千上万支持移民权利的人挤满了美国各地的街道。
Hundreds of thousands of people supporting immigration rights in the US filled streets all over America in early 2006.
许多人举着标语和美国国旗,要求被当作公民而不是罪犯对待
Many held signs and American flags and asked to be __31 treated__ as citizens rather than criminals.
参议员约翰·麦凯恩(John McCain)提出了一个意见
Senator John McCain held the opinion
国家应该为已经非法入境的移民提供获得公民身份的途径
that the country should open a __32 path__ to citizenship to immigrants(移民) who were already in the country illegally,
其他政客呼吁采取更严格的措施
while other politicians __33 called__ for stricter measures--
包括围捕无证移民并把他们送回他们的祖国。
including rounding up undocumented immigrants and sending them back to their home countries.
加拿大官员表示,移民申请数量继续上升。
Canadian officials say that immigration applications continue to rise.
有些人想让移民的门一直开着,他们需要劳动力
Some want to keep the doors __34 open__. They need the labor.
根据加拿大政府的统计,2005年大约有40万移民获准进入加拿大。
About 400,000 immigrants were allowed into the country in 2005, according to the Canadian Government statistics.
然而,所有这些增长意味着城市需要适应。
__35 However__ , all this growth means that cities need to adapt.
新来的人并不总是能顺利过渡到他们擅长的工作。
New comers don't always make a smooth transition into jobs for which they are skilled.
所以行业正在使用辅导项目来帮助新移民找到合适的工作
So industries are using mentoring(辅导) programs to help new __36 immigrants__ find proper jobs.
随着大量非法非洲移民抵达加那利群岛,
With the large numbers of undocumented African immigrants arriving in the Canary Islands,
西班牙政府决定采取强硬态度
the Spanish Government has decided to get __37 tough__ .
不会再有针对非法移民的大规模特赦
There will be no more mass amnesties(特赦) for the illegal immigrants,
任何人未经允许来到西班牙都会被遣返
and anyone coming to Spain without __38 permission__ will be sent back.
法国新的移民与融合法赋予了政府鼓励高技能移民的新权力。
France's new immigration and integration law gives the government new powers to encourage high-skilled migration.
它将于2007年生效
It takes __39 effect__ in 2007.
新法律授权政府帮助这些雇主找到具有所需技能或资格的移民工人。
The new law authorizes the government to help these identified employers find immigrant workers with needed skills or qualifications.
选中的外籍员工将获得“技能和人才”签证
The selected foreign employees will be granted "skills and talents" visas (签证).
但是一些人担心这会导致发展中国家的人才流失
But some people show the concern that it'll cause brain drain in __40 developing__ countries.
A. immigrants 移民
B. However 然而
C. developing 发展中的
D. path 途径
E. open 公开的
F. tough 强硬地
G. effect 生效
H. Therefore 因此
I. developed 发达的
J. permission 允许
K. treated 对待
L. called 呼吁
考试 :是评估学生的唯一方法吗?
Testing :Is it the Only Way to Evaluate Students?
大约10%的中小学教育支出来自联邦政府
About ten percent of __41 spending__ (spend) on primary and secondary education in the United States comes from the federal government.
它结合了考试成绩,家庭收入水平,学校规模,
It combines test scores,family income levels,school size,
学生的种族和许多其他因素。
the ethnicity of the student and many other factors.
乔什·史密斯(Josh Smith)是一所中学的校长,该中学隶属于一个名为西丹佛预备学校(West Denver Prep)的公立特许学校网络
Josh Smith is principal of a middle school in a network of public charter schools __47 called__(call) West Denver Prep.
[要点透析]本句空白处放在两个名词词组public charter school 和West Denver Prep的中间,结合本句提示词可知,句中所指public charter school(公立学校)的名字应该是West Denver Prep。因此将提示词动词call改成其过去分词called符合语法和句意。
特许学校由政府资助,但不像传统的公立学校那样运作
Charter schools are publicly funded but not operated the same as __48 traditional__ (tradition) public schools.